Fiscal policy is established as a stabilizing instrument against the volatility of economic activity, a function that becomes more important considering the decentralization model that governs Colombia and many countries, and which is characterized by the fact that subnational governments have fiscal autonomy, and therefore are active agents in the provision of goods and services under a . \text{Net income (loss)}&\text{\hspace{19pt}66,176}&\text{\hspace{19pt}54,587}\\ States have substantial leeway to order their own affairsto create and maintain laws particular to the people of that state. A sample of 150 female SMB owners and 146 male SMB owners revealed the following results: CONCERNEDABOUTLIMITEDACCESSTOMONEY? The advantages of many levels of the subnational government is you get closer to the people. Do term limits seem to have more advantages or disadvantages? In what ways is SCOTUS less powerful than other branches? Explain. One advantage of so many local and state (i.e., subnational) governments in the United States of America is often attached to freedom. The strategies the book suggests the presidents employ to win people over to their way of thinking are "negotiation, persuasion, and compromise." The judicial branch is more powerful because:1. What are some good storiesand films on the concept of karma?, Does Africa produce more copper or diamonds, Which of these is not a characteristic of a federal form of government, HELPPP PLSS Which condition below is favorable for entrepreneurs? What about other federal officials? Would citizens be represented well or at all? States may create more or less stringent environmental laws; expand or contract marriage rights; and regulate business and commerce within their own borders. If a government switches from a federated system to this one, the benefits often shine brightly at first. \text { No } & \underline{112} & \underline{126} & \underline{238}\\ How, in the United States, power is apportioned from state to local governments. Explain your position using the textbook as a reference point. Then the state representatives can communicate these issues to the governing body to ensure that enough attention is given to the problem. That means there are times when there is more bureaucracy to navigate instead of less since a federated state could immediate dispatch assistance, like how a governor can send out the National Guard to provide support. Like anything government does, zoning helps some people and hurts others. Instead of following multiple laws simultaneously, the general population is asked to follow one specific set of regulations instead. Prior to the November, 2000 presidential election George W. Bush had a comfortable lead in the polls. The role of first ladies has expanded tremendously over the years. When using judicial restraint, a judge will usually ________. On an even smaller regional scale, local jurisdictions can vary radically in wealth, meaning, for instance, that some school districts are terribly underfunded, while others are awash in cash. Instead of having one form of centralized power, there is a complete system of checks and balances to use that provide more equality in the governing process. There can also be inequality between states and municipalities where wealth or certain liberties are available in one place but not the other. 1999-2023, Rice University. Some of the enumerated powers granted to Congress in the Constitution include the power to regulate interstate commerce, raise and support armies, coin money, declare war, and conduct foreign affairs. Justices can serve for life, as long as they are mentally and physically capable. Need a paper written? In 49 states, voters choose a two-chambered legislature, such as a house and a Senate. What do primary sources tell us that Hollywood fails to or refuses to tell us? Educators go through a rigorous application process, and every answer they submit is reviewed by our in-house editorial team. Advantages of Term Limits: Term limits have been shown to reduce monopoly of the legislative process, reduce fiscal irresponsibility, reduce crisis etc. Latest answer posted March 08, 2021 at 11:36:37 AM. Explain. It is a governing structure that will protect the central body first. Do term limits seem to have more advantages or disadvantages? U.S. states typically have much more authority over education than does the federal government. They range in population from around 10 million in Los Angeles County to less than 100 in Loving County, Texas. The company is registered at 4 Diagora Street, Kermia Building, Office 202, P.C. (2022, September 28). The key disadvantages are inefficiency and lack of equity. A unitary government can be lacking in infrastructure. NetsalesNetincome(loss)TotalassetsShareinformationSharesoutstandingatyear-endPreferreddividends2014$1,117,20466,176855,33864,507,000-0-2013$1,124,59154,587838,07866,282,000-0-. are licensed under a, Who Governs? Explain. In the U.S., voter turnout for elections for this level of government tends to be the lowest among all elections, which is probably unfortunate. Do term limits seem to have more advantages or disadvantages? Compare and contrast three different forms of governments. Instead of having multiple layers of bureaucracy to navigate, you have a clear set of expectations to follow. Enjoy eNotes ad-free and cancel anytime. This is good to a certain extent; however, the legislator should make decisions that are ultimately in the constituency's best interest, even if the decision initially goes against the constituent's will. 78, Alexander Hamilton characterized the judiciary as the ________ branch of government. The first advantage is the area of focus, each level of subnational government can work upon. When someone in power decides to pursue more wealth or governing opportunities for themselves, then there are very few ways to stop that activity. Why did the founding fathers decide this for the Justices? In a strong-mayor form of government, the city council and the mayor are elected separately, and relate to each other in a way similar to how the president and Congress, or a governor and a state legislature, deal with each other. This system is more common in large cities. In what ways might the patronage system be made more efficient? What is the different between horizontal and vertical policy-making? One advantage of having lower levels of government is that it makes it easier for citizens to participate. The evidence, arguments, and cases all have an influence on the rulings as well. Explain. If citizens are unhappy, they can throw the rascals out and elect a new board. (Didn't get full credit). Investing one dollar in certain ocean themes can yield at least five dollars in global benefits over the next 30 years, according to research commissioned by the High Level Panel for a Sustainable Ocean Economy. How does it fund those operationswhat are its sources of revenue? Because the goal of a government is self-preservation, the various arms that work at the local level are usually the first resources cut when theyre in budgetary issues. \text { Female} \\ Whether or not a president's political party controls congress can either be an opportunity or disadvantage. You may explore the judicial branch at all levels, also. Elitism, Pluralism, and Tradeoffs, The Pre-Revolutionary Period and the Roots of the American Political Tradition, Advantages and Disadvantages of Federalism. One of the fundamental principles that the United States tries to follow is being close to the population and letting them contribute to the government. It is a smaller form of government. Unitarian governments work to create a system of unity. The disadvantage of term limits is that it is better to have a known leader during a period of crises than a new one. Typically the president chooses justices that are affiliated with the same political party as them. The founding fathers wanted to make sure that American citizens always had representation and a voice in government; many people believe sub-national governments ensure that citizens' voices are heard. Enjoy eNotes ad-free and cancel anytime. Our summaries and analyses are written by experts, and your questions are answered by real teachers. Explain two challenges you foresee speaking with Steve about the correlation to his health and his drinking habits. The needs of at the national level will always outweigh what local needs are with this government. In the United States, the average person is subject to the laws of four different co-equal governing bodies simultaneously. The judicial branch is in an odd position. 2. The national government is huge and complex, and competing with all the other citizens of the country to have your voice heard and make an impact would be difficult. The federal government often does what it can to alleviate this, but it cannot completely solve the problem. 1. Also, since laws can vary from place to place, it makes it difficult for one place to enforce its laws when their neighbor may not have the same laws. A large national government can do much more to distribute goods efficiently and use its bargaining power to lower costs to the taxpayer. What are the advantages and disadvantages of liberalism and radicalism? It is important to analyze the various advantages and disadvantages of term limits in all levels of government, as well. D. all of the above. The advantages of having so many subnational governments in the United States is that different regions of the country with different needs have the autonomy and flexibility to respond to their own priorities. However, the Supreme Court does need to keep them in check and may eventually need to "reel it in" some in the future. Has this book helped you? While subnational governments can't do everything on their own (they can't declare war), they do possess the latitude to pass myriad laws and make their own choices when it comes to expenditures. 4. Under the Articles of Confederation, the federal government was quite weak relative to the states. Explain. Thus influencing the thoughts and ideas of the people. In most countries, these are governments in some way below the national government, whatever form it takes. In Maryland, counties run school systems; in North Carolina, counties do not maintain local roads as they do elsewhere. Subnational governments are also an important fallback when the national government does not fully act on an issue. Instead of a local government, a unitary system will place a delegate, ambassador, or someone in a similar position to administer local resources. How do political parties influence policy making? Much of what has reached us on Cleopatra came from Roman sources. Sometimes ambiguity among people about the responsibility of state at different levels. Advantages: Dec 8, 2022 OpenStax. d. all of the above Critical Thinking Essay (5 Points): What does the trend toward descriptive representation suggest about what constituents value in their legislature? Recent tests have revealed Steve has fatty liver, which concerns him. It can also have a slower national response in localized emergencies. "What are the advantages and disadvantages of having so many levels of subnational governments in the United States? The president signs legally binding nuclear arms terms with Iran without seeking congressional approval. the power to regulate the sale of tobacco in the states. Short Answer (2 Points) The existence of the dual court system is an unnecessary duplication to some but beneficial to others. from University of Notre Dame. Respond to at least 2 other students' posts. Is it preferable for representatives in the state legislature to behave as trustees or as delegates? In large cities in particular, city governments often face a balancing act in promoting economic development while trying to maintain quality of life for existing residents. In rural areas, special purpose districts may be created to manage pest control and irrigation, allowing local farmers to pool their resources and provide common service to a wider number of people. It is the most common form of governing in the world today, with 165 of 193 UN member states having a unitary system of government. Defend your answer. You can understand the people's needs and they will be a priority. This is the level of government closest to citizens, and the one most likely to have an immediate impact on your life. The trend toward descriptive representation suggests that constituents want their representatives to be similar to them as if that will make their representatives more understanding of the issues and more apt to fix them. Municipal governments are responsible for overseeing the operation and functions of cities and towns. Why? Our academic experts can create. \text{Preferred dividends}&\text{\hspace{10pt}-0-}&\text{\hspace{5pt}-0-}\\ Because it must suddenly become everything to everyone, the processes can get significantly bogged down. What are the advantages and disadvantages of international trade law. Do term limits seem to have more advantages or disadvantages? Like cities, county governments may have either an executive and a council, separately elected, or, in the case of smaller counties, an elected board of 35 commissioners who have both executive and legislative power. This process artificially shapes what happens in society because blogs, social media, and even face-to-face conversations might be monitored to see if something harmful to the government is said. 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what are the advantages of having so many levels of subnational governments